Method and apparatus for transferring liquilds from spaces of lower pressure to spaces of higher pressure



L.. DUNAlEFF. METHOD AND 'APPARATUS FOR TBANSFEBRING LIQUIDS FROM SPACES 0F LOWER PRESSURE T0 SPACES OF HIGHER PRESSURE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR-2 7 1917.

mm Feb. 1,1921.-

2 SHEIITS-Sl iEET 1.

IN VEN TOR.

WITNESS: wfifim" ATTORNEYS L. DUNAJEFF. 4 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TRANSFE RRING LIQUIDS FROM SPACES 0F [OWER PRESSURE T0 SPACES OF HIGHER PRESSURE" APPL ICATIOI i FILED MAR-2?; 1917- PatentedFeb. 1, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ATTORNEYS.

WITNESS.-

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LEONID Dl'J'NAJE-FF, OF MOSCOW, RUSSIA.

METHOD ANDAPI AEL-QTUS FOR TBANSTERRING LIQUIDS FROM SPACES OF LOWER PRESSURE TO SPACES OF HIGHER PRESSURE.

Application filed March 27, 1917. Serial No. 157,817.

i" "0 all whom it may concern:

lie it known that I, Leonie DUNAJErr, a subject of the Czar of Russia, residing at ll loscow, Russia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods and Apparatus for Transferring Liquids from Spaces of Lower Pressure to Spaces of Higher Pressure, of which the followingis a specification.

The present invention relates to an improved method and apparatus for feeding water from spaces of lower pressure to spaces or higher pressure such as test-cam boilers, and by the employment of which the in pumps, ejectors and condensing tanks, now universally in use, may be dispensed with, and a greater volume of water in proportion to the volume utilized is admitted into the boiler than is accomplished with the present universally used apparatus.

My improved method consists broadly in positioning a pressure actuated member so as to provide compartments of unequal pressure, and capable of automatic operation by the pressure within the compartment of highest pressure on the dropping below the normal level of the fluid therein, said pressure actuated member admitting a volume of fluid into the chamber equal to that of the steam volume required to operate the gate. 4 In carrying out my improved method, it is preferred that an" apparatus illustrated in the accompanying drawings be employed to obtain the most eflicient results.

In the drawings- Figure 1 illustrates the preferred apparatus employed in connection with a steam boiler and a water feed line for carrying out my improved method of supplying feed water to the boiler.

Fig. 2 is a vertlcal sectlonal v1ew of the preferred form of automatically controlled device. A i

Fig. 3 is a central cross sectional View throua'h the preferred form of rotating gate or wheel.

F 4; is a view partly in elevation and partly in section of the housing for my improved rotating gate or wheel.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 1. 1921.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the float 0perated controlling valve.

In carrying out my method-a housing 1 is interposed within the feed water pipe 2 a short distance from the boiler 3, preterablyabove the same, and the lower end 4 of said pipe extends below the normal water level in the boiler, as in Fig. 1 of the drawinns. The housing is preferably provided with the chambers 5 and 6' separated from each other by a suitable wheel or gate 7 (Fig. 3 of the drawings) rotating on a horizontal axis; thus there are provided two chambers, one having a greater pressure than the other. The gate is formed with a hub 8 and the radially disposed blades 9, the outer edges of which have frictional contact with the inner wall surfaces 9, l0 and 11, during the rotation of said gate. The blades are connected at their ends by the end walls 12 operating within a packing ring 13 carried by the housing 1, said ring preventing the escape of steam beyond the end of said gate. The gate is positioned within the housing through. the openings at the opnositecnds of the chamber or recess, within which it is seated, and closing the ends of said openings are the end members lei having a tI'm'lSVOlSB central bore 15 through which extends the stub shafts l6 projecting from said wheel end walls.

Suitable bearings 17, preferably of the ball type, support the'shafts 16, and one of said shafts projects beyond the outer face of itscooperating or closuremeinber i l, and carries on its end a suitable turbine wheel of a greater diameter than the wheeler gate 7 and having the impact blades 18. Lubrication is supplied to the bearings 17 through suitable cups or openings 17'.

The gate or wheel tightly divides the chambers 5 and 6 from eah other and to 7 the consumption of energy in work against the blades and the packing rings.

in Fig. 3 of the drawings.

Positioned within the length of the pipe or tube 19, in proximity to the boiler, is a chamber 20 having an offset portion 21 and communicating with said ofl'set portion is a pipe 22 leading from a chamber 23, formed in the housing 1, intermediate the walls 10 and 11, said chamber opening at its lower end to the blades of said wheel or gate, as The chamber is provided at its end wall with an opening 24 from the outer end of which projects a nozzle 25 extending in proximity to the inipactblades 18 of the turbine wheel and through said nozzle the steam escapes under pressure, striking the blades 18 with great force thus overloalancing the pressure on the wheel or gate 7 rausing a rotation of said wheel or gate. The lower end of the pipe 22'is closed by a suitable spring seated valve 26 within the offset 21, and cooperating with the valve is a bell crank lever 27 pivoted as at 28 to the support 29, the lever carrying the open topped shell or cup 30 which is provided in its base with a small outlet or drain opening 31.

The spring seated valve 26 is shown in detail in Fig. 2 and represents an example of the-manner in which it may be contructed. Within the housing of the valve is arranged a transverse wall 37 dividing the interior of .the housing into two compartments, which may communicate with each other through a central opening provided in wall 37 and in which is seated a valve 38 mounted on a valve stem 36 slidingly disposed in the centers of the two end walls of the cylindrical housing. The right hand end Wall is provided with perforations which puts thecompartment next to that end wall in permanent communication with the en tire casing 20 (see Fig. 2) within which the valve is disposed. The left hand compartment of valve 26 is in permanent communication with pipe 22. Normally valve 38 is held on, its seat by a coil spring 39. The left hand end of valve stem 36 is operated by the bell-crank 27 as stated before. 1

The parts being assembled as in the drawings, my improved method is carried out in the following manner z-Asstnning the cup 30 to be filled with water, this having been accomplished in a hereinafter described manner, and the water level in the boiler having dropped below the lower end of the pipe 19 breaking the water seal over the lower end thereof permits the water held in the pipe by said seal to escape into the boiler, the weight of the water remaining in the cup 30 overbulances the valve, compressing the spring, and opening the valve 26, ad-

mitting steam under boiler pressure to pass upwardly through pipe 22 into the chamber 23. The steam in the chamber 23 will escape under pressure through the nozzle 25 and strike the blades 18 of the turbine wheel, revolving the same, and. which in turn will revolve the wheel 7 in the direction of the arrowFig. 3 of the drawings. Thus it will be observed that the opening and clos ing of the valve 26 controls the flow of steam from the boiler to start the wheel or gate to rotate. The rotation of the wheel 7 will admit of the passing of feed water from the chamber 6 into the chamber and the escape of an equal volume of steam rising through the pipe 19, from the chamher 5 to the chamber 6; this steam also passing outwardly through the nozzle 25 and maintaining the wheel in rotation.

The rotating of the wheel by the initial supplying of steam through the pipe 22 pcrmits a continuous supply of steam to the nozzle through the pockets 12 until such time as the bottom of the pipe 19 is sealed, thus after the seal at the bottom of the pipe 19 is once broken and the wheel is initially rotated the steam escaping from the chamber of high pressure through the pockets l2 escapes from said pockets through the nozzle and provides a continuous impact jet during its expansion for the operation of the turbine wheel.

The opening 31 in the bottom of the cup 30 permits water held therein to gradually drain therefrom back into the boiler, and when the same has drained sufiicient from the cup to permit the tension of the valve spring, not shown, to overcome the weight of the cup and lever 27, said spring will .close the valve 26, cutting off the supply of steam through the pipe 22 into the chamber 23. After the wheel 7 has been started in the above described manner, the steam entering the chamber 23 from chamber 5,

-through the depressions or pockets between the blades 12, is sufiicient to maintain the wheel rotating, thus at this time after the wheel has been started and the valve is closed, equal volumes of steam and water will pass into and from the chamber 5. On the rising of the water in the boiler to its normal level, the lower end of the pipe 1.) will be sealed, preventing the entrance of steam into the chamber 5 through the pipe 19, but the momentum of the wheel 7 and the vacuum caused by the passing of the feed water downwardly in the pipe 2 below the housing 1 is suflicient to drawa' column of water upwardly in the pipe 19 and into the chamber 20, filling the cup 30, the rise of the water in the boiler to its normal level providing a sealover the lower end of the pipe 19.

On the next fall of the water level in the boiler below the end of the pipe 19, the seal at the lower endof pipe 19 will be broken permitting the water to drain from the chamber 20 and the valve 26 will again be open, as heretofore stated;

It will be apparent in carrying out my improved method that a movable member is positioned withinthe feedwater pipe, dividing the same into two chambers or com partments, one open to the pressureof the feed water within the pipe and the other to the steam pressure within the boiler.

Owing to the balance of the wheel a starting jet or stream is required to initially rotate the same, and in carrying out my improved method, this is accomplished by the valve controlled mechanism actuated automatically and only for a predetermined period. After the dropping ofthe watcrlevel in the boiler below normal the operation enables the wheel tobe started, at which time the volume of water fed to the boiler will equal the steam volume escaping therefrom, which is now utilized in maintaining the wheel in motion until such time as the level of the water within the boiler again becomes normal.

Having thus described my invention,what I claim as new and desire to protect by Letters Patent is 1. Method of continuously transferring liquids from spaces of lower pressure to spaces of higher pressure by a movable transfer element continuously exposed to the spaces of higher pressure, which consists in balancing said element by the higher pressure against movement therethrough, and in continuously releasing by said element a fluid volume from the spaces of higher pres sure, equal to the liquid volume transferred by the element at that time into the spaces of higher pressure.

2. Method of continuously transferring by a movable element liquids from spaces of lower pressure to spaces of higher pressure, which consists in continuously releasing by said element a fluid volume from the spaces of higher pressure, equal to the hquid volume transferred by the element at that time into the spaces of higher pressure, and utilizing the released high pressure fluid to impart motion to said element.

3. The method of transferring liquids from certain spaces to other spaces of higher pressure separated therefrom by pressure controlled means, which consists in admit ting fluid from the space of higher pressure connecting onto the controllable separating means, dependent upon the level of the liquid within the space of higher pressure for" imparting movement to the separating means for permitting liquid to flow from the space of lower pressure into the space of higher pressure and of a volume equal to the volume of fluid displaced from the space of higher pressure.

4. The method of transferring liquids from certain spaces to other spaces of higher pressure separated therefrom by pressure controlledmeans, which consists in directly the controllable separating means with the space of higher pressure and of admitting thereto pressure from said higher pressure space for imparting movementto said separating means for admit ting a flow of liquid from the lower to the higherpressure space and of a volume equal to the volume of fluid released from the space of higher pressure by the movement of said separating means.

5. The method of admitting feed water to steam boilers which consists in dividing the feed Water pipe into compartments of unequal pressures by pressure controlled means therein, that of the higher pressure opening into the boiler, admitting steam under pressure from the boiler to directly contact with said pressure controlled means to impart movement thereto for permitting feed water from said compartment of lower pressure to ilow into said compartment of higher pressure in a volume equal to the steanrutilized from the movement of said pressure controlled means.

6. Means for transferring liquids from a space of lower to a space of higher pressure, comprising a rotatable bucket member, separating said spaces and always having several of its buckets simultaneously exposed to the space of higher pressure, to cause said pressure to balance the member against rotation by the high pressure fluid, said member be ing capable of transferring in said buckets a volume of low pressure liquid into the high pressure space and to simultaneously release from the latter space an equal volume of high pressure fluid.

7. Means for transferring liquids from a space of lower to a space of higher pressure, comprising a rotatable member, separating said spaces and being balanced against the high pressure, and capable of transferring a volume of low pressure liquid into the high pressure space and to simultaneously release from the latter space an equal volume of high pressure fluid and means for rotating member by the released high pressure u1 8. Means for transferring water from the outside into boilers under pressure, comprising a casing connected with the upper portion of the boiler and with the outside water supply, a rotatable multiple blade wheel disposed in said casing to close the connection with the boiler and to normally remain stationary due to the balancing efi'ect of the boiler pressure on the several blades on both sides of the wheel center, said wheel when rotating adapted to continuously transfer predetermined volumes of water into said boiler and to simultaneously remove therefrom equal volumes of pressure fluid and means for rotating said wheel.

9. Means for transferring water from the outside into boilers under pressure comprising a casing connected with the upper portion of the boiler and with the outside water supply, a rotatable multiple blade wheel disposed in said casing to close the connection with the boiler and to normally remain stationary due to the balancing effect of the boiler pressure on the several blades on both sides of the wheel center, said Wheel when rotating adapted to continuously transfer predetermined volumes of water into said boiler and to simultaneously remove therefrom equal volumes of pressure fluid, and means for rotating said wheel by the pressure fluid released by the wheel.

10. An apparatus for feeding water to steam boilers comprising a feed water inlet pipe connected to a water supply and extending into the boiler to a point below the low water line thereof, a member positioned therein and dividing said pipe into two compartments, and capable of actuation by the steam pressure in said boiler for admitting into said boiler feed water of a volume equal to the steam volume required to operate said member, and means controlled by the height of the water within said boiler for admitting steam to said member.

11. An apparatus for feeding water to steam boilers comprising a feed water inlet pipe connected to a water supply and extending within the boiler, a pressure actuated member within said feed pipe, valve controlled means for automatically admitting steam from the boiler to said pressure actuated member for a predetermined period to start said member in motion, said member capable of admitting into said boiler feed water of a volume equal to the steam volume displaced thereby, said displaced steam volume maintaining said member in motion until such time as the level of the feed water in said boiler becomes normal.

12. An apparatus for feeding water to steam boilers comprising a feed water inlet pipe connected to a water supply and extending within the boiler, a rotatable wheel or gate provided with radially disposed blades positioned within said pipe for dividing the same into chambers of different pressure, and capable of rotation by the steam pressure in said boiler for admitting into said boiler feed water of a volume equal to the steam volume required to operate the same.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of the subscribing witness.

LEONID DUNAJEFF.

WVitness N. A. ACKER. 

